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Reality Coherence: Research Report

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FindingKey DataImplication
Fragmented informationPersonalized feeds create bubblesLess shared reality
Synthetic content growing90%+ of web content may be AI by 2026Authenticity crisis
Declining trustTrust in media ~30%No authoritative sources
Epistemic tribalismFacts become identity markersTruth irrelevant
Verification failingDetection lags generationCan’t identify real

Reality coherence—the degree to which society maintains shared understanding of facts, events, and causal relationships—is essential for collective action, democratic governance, and social coordination. When people cannot agree on basic facts, they cannot coordinate on solutions. AI is both accelerating the fragmentation of shared reality and potentially creating tools to address it.

The mechanisms of fragmentation are multiple. Algorithmic content curation creates filter bubbles where different groups see entirely different information. AI-generated content is increasingly indistinguishable from human-created content, making authenticity verification impossible. Trust in traditional gatekeeping institutions (media, science, government) has declined dramatically. And social media incentivizes engagement over accuracy, spreading false information faster than corrections.

The implications for AI governance are severe. If society cannot agree on basic facts about AI capabilities, risks, and benefits, it cannot coordinate effective responses. Disagreements about whether AI poses existential risks, whether particular systems are safe, or whether specific governance approaches work become intractable when they rest on fundamentally different factual beliefs rather than value differences.


ComponentDescriptionCurrent Status
Shared factsAgreement on what happenedDeclining
Shared causationAgreement on why things happenDeclining
Shared sourcesTrusted authoritiesFew remain
Shared methodsHow to determine truthContested
Shared epistemicsWhat counts as evidenceFragmented
ConceptDescriptionDistinction
Reality coherenceShared facts and understandingAbout what is true
ConsensusAgreement on what to doAbout values and priorities
Epistemic healthQuality of knowledge processesAbout methods

MetricCurrent StatusTrend
Filter bubble intensityHigh personalizationIncreasing
Cross-cutting exposureDecliningAccelerating decline
Source diversityDecreasingConsolidating
Algorithmic curationNear-universalIntensifying
AI content share20-30% and growingExponential
SourceTrust Level (US)Trend
Mainstream media~30%Declining
Social media~15%Stable low
Government~20%Declining
Science institutions~50%Variable
Personal networks~70%Stable
ImpactMechanismSeverity
Content generationIndistinguishable synthetic contentHigh
PersonalizationIntensified filter bubblesHigh
DeepfakesCannot trust video/audioGrowing
Manipulation at scaleCheap targeted persuasionHigh
Verification failureDetection lags generationCritical
PhenomenonDescriptionPrevalence
Motivated reasoningBelieve what serves groupUniversal
Source credibilityTrust based on alignmentHigh
Fact resistanceCorrections backfireDocumented
Identity-based beliefFacts as tribal markersGrowing

FactorMechanismTrend
Algorithmic curationOptimizes engagement over truthIntensifying
AI contentFloods information spaceExponential
Trust declineNo authoritative arbitersContinuing
Economic incentivesOutrage profitablePersistent
Political polarizationFacts become partisanEntrenched
FactorMechanismStatus
Verification technologyProve authenticityRacing to develop
Trust institutionsRebuild credibilitySlow
Content provenanceTrack originEarly
Media literacyCritical consumptionLimited
RegulationPlatform accountabilityEmerging

Failure ModeMechanismExample
Risk assessmentCan’t agree on threatsAI danger debates
Policy coordinationDifferent fact basesRegulation disagreements
Democratic inputManipulated preferencesPublic opinion gaming
AccountabilityContested narrativesIncident disputes
ScenarioDescriptionCoherence Level
Coherence collapseNo shared realityCannot govern
Fragmented clustersGroup-based realitiesDifficult coordination
Managed coherenceSome shared foundationGovernance possible
Restored coherenceVerified shared factsEffective coordination

InterventionApproachStatus
Content credentialsC2PA, provenance standardsEmerging
Deepfake detectionAI verification toolsLagging
Source verificationBlockchain, cryptographicEarly
Fact-checking at scaleAI-assisted verificationExperimental
InterventionApproachStatus
Platform regulationAccountability for amplificationContested
Media investmentPublic interest journalismDeclining
EducationMedia literacy curriculumLimited
Trust rebuildingInstitutional reformSlow

Related ParameterConnection
Information AuthenticityAuthenticity enables coherence
Epistemic HealthEpistemics determines coherence
Societal TrustTrust enables shared sources
GovernanceGovernance requires coherence